Digital payments offer so many benefits, still we are not able to adapt to it. How can we ensure 100% digital payments?
Digital Payments? The definition of an electronic payment system is a way of paying for a goods or services electronically, instead of using cash or a check, in person or by mail. An example of an electronic payment system is Pay Pal, use of a credit card, scan code, wallet payments, net banking, Pay using email/phone number which are linked to your bank accounts.
Back ground: Along with the development of the internet, online payments began to operate in the 1990s. Established in 1994, Stanford Federal Credit Union was the first institution to offer online banking services to all its customers. It has grown and has gained momentum in the last 10 years and expected to make 726 billion transactions using digital payment technologies by 2020, across the world. One would imagine massive growth of digital payment methods post demonetization of 500 and 100o currency notes in India . However, in spite of all this, the cash in circulation as of June 22, 2018, was only 9.8% more than it was on June 23 in 2017. This indicates that even though there is a greater appetite for digital payments systems, the Indian economy continues to be heavily reliant on cash.
https://www.cnbc.com/2017/10/09/digital-payments-expected-to-hit-726-billion-by-2020-study-finds.html
https://m.dailyhunt.in/news/india/english/inc42-epaper-inc/digital+payments+in+india+current+challenges+and+growth+prospects-newsid-98235270
Current challenges In a developing country such as India, people would rather carry bulky bank notes than pay extra just for using digital payment methods.
(1) Hardware - Requires swipe machine or a smart phone.
(2) Need to download the apps or software which is required to process digital payments.
(3) Extra charge for paying using digital payments in some stores.
(4) Exploration and elevation of cutting-edge, novel technologies which are simple to use and their systematic penetration among the masses.
(5) Illiterate and uneducated people who don't know how to make or receive payments digitally.
(6) Lack of awareness campaigns to educate people on the benefits of using digital payments
(7) Leads to complete transparency, people cannot evade taxes.
(8) Requirement of internet access anywhere in the remotest corner to make the payments. Cannot work when internet is not present.
(9) Poor people cannot afford to have smart phones.
(10) Small Children and old age people cannot use digital payments.
(11) People are scared about the frauds - Lack of cyber security and not stringent laws for people who break the law. No special workforce to monitor and help people when they issues on a real time basis.
(12) No Help centers or education centers where people can get uneducated.
(13) Differently abled person cannot use the digital payments.
(14) Misuse of cards and smartphones by known people around you, when you are not aware of.
(15) No provision for reversal of transactions when you are paying online. Waiting period for the payments to get reversed.
(16) Failed transactions due to poor server of internet related issues.
(17) Opportunity for people to charge duplicate payments, without the notice of the person.
(18) Fraud probability when you loose the card or phone.
(19) Hacking and phishing attacks which steal your banking and online credentials. Smart hackers may withdraw amount in small amounts which cannot be noticed when you are doing all the transactions digitally.
(20) Needy people who don't even have money to eat food, cannot seek help using the digital way.
(21) Wrong payments by mistake - pressing additional zero button or wrong button may lead to losses to either to the payer or the receiver.
(22) Validation of payment when there is a huge rush, when all of the people are paying the same amount. Example of buying tickets for a picture.
(23) Browser related issues - user refreshed the page before the transaction was completed.
(24) No forum to resolve disputes quickly on a real time basis.
(25) Dependent on service providers - like bank, wallets
(26) Server failures can bring entire economy to standstill.
(27) People don't remember the passwords and do not want to type in the verification code for every transaction which they make.
(28) People don't remember the balance in multiple bank accounts ( easy to keep cash in home for poor people with limited income)
(29) Payment made to wrong person cannot be corrected immediately.
Why some people don't prefer digital transactions even when they are capable of doing it easily
(1) No mandatory guidelines
(2) Don't understand the benefits of using digital payments
(3) Evade taxes
(4) Habituated to use currency - mindset/attitude to use only cash.
(5) Cultural belief systems.
(6) Fear of using it - some people using online payments, only when they don't have any other option.
Good solutions should ensure that it fulfill as many conditions as possible in the best possible way.
(1) No dependency on the internet
(2) Low cost
(3) High security
(4) Uneducated, old, children, deaf, blind, differently abled, poor people should be able to use it.
(5) Should not require any app or browser.
(6) Can work without any device or any instrument.
(7) Fraud alert and no misuse - Avoids fraud
(8) No hacking or phishing
(9) Emergency services
(10) Real time dispute service
(11) Easy to operate and understand
(12) Voice based (Optional)
(13) High security.
(14) Assistance in remote areas - physical presence.
(15) Provision for Community help
(16) Attractable for people to use.
(17) More benefits than using the conventional cash.
(18) No provision for a big entity to misuse by breaking the technology.
(19) Reminder and alert services
(20) Not biased to any company or entity - should be independent
(21) Strong regulatory and audit mechanisms on a regular basis
(22) Creates awareness with benefits
(23) Transparent - No Opportunity for people in power to make adjustments or change the numbers.
(24) Mistake proofing concepts to avoid typo errors with good confirmation message.
(25) No Failed transactions
(26) Detects and alerts duplicate payments
(27) Easy identification when multiple people make the same amount of transactions at a given point of time.
(28) Manages the cultural beliefs of using currency even when using digital payments. (During ceremony or any ritual...etc)
(29) Zero Risk when some one losses the device.
(30) No Dependency on any bank or e wallet service provider for users to transact.
(31) Unified payment system with an ability to work at all international locations.
(32) Not dependent on servers
(33) Should serve beggars and needy people to get money, when they cannot even afford food, clothing or shelter.
(34) Not person dependent
(35) Should work when there is power failure for long duration of time - even months.
(36) Should not get impacted with major natural disasters.
(37) Easy to find when it is lost and the person should be able to transact without the device as well.
(38) Should be easy for corporate and big companies to use - when multiple people are operating a single account.
(39) Ability to deny payments from people unknown.
(40) Provision to mask the identity while making payments for donations, charity, noble cause .
- KKrishna Heda @krishnaheda
Currently most of the people are using the cards and net banking effectively with out any issues, in spite of several limitations. the below features will attract people who never imagined that they will transact in a digital way only.
We should design solutions for long term and which are perfect, should not have any side effects or impact and should delight people. In order to achieve this we need to think differently and step ahead from the conventional way of doing our transactions which should be able to help every individual even when they are near their death bed or people who are poorest or who cannot understand anything (mentally handicapped)
Need help of technical people in the field to do R & D and come up with prototypes which can comply with these features, any help in this regard is welcome from any part of the world
Provide free devices to all the citizens and for the people who are poor they can use the social community platform to transact. Special customized devices for people which can support people to overcome their specific disability or old age people or illiterate people. (Deaf, dumb, lost vision, no hands, mentally handicapped).
(-1) Every transaction should have mandatory description and need for making the payment. This can be made manually or using unique QR codes or information sharing protocols. This helps both the parties to understand in detail for what the payment was made for. This will be helpful for people even when they are buying multiple items and can see all of the details. Avoids the need for having bills getting printed (saves paper).
People who are disabled can use voice recording, signs, photos.(0) Wearable water/dust proof Device (similar to watch, can be locked on the wrist) which can work on Mechanical /solar / electrical / Human motion energies with an ability to verify the user using biometrics (finger print, iris scan, face and voice recognition) and passwords. Outdoor sensors, including GPS and satellite reception and 3-axis compass with gyroscope and barometric altimeter. This will also have audio visual effect for the user to get the real time experience of using cash along with an GPS system embedded in it. (Helpful for all type of people, better than cash experience)
( this helps even when battery or power storage is not working)
The images can be seen on the skin of the hand using a light beam or by having a 3d effect simulation.
People can use cards as well, as they are using currentlyDevices can enable specific features when any person is illiterate or does not know how to operate. the device guides the person on every step to make successful transactions in the vernacular language in which the person understands perfectly.
The cost of such watch currently would be close to $1500 or 100k (INR). Howe ever, with mass scale production in billions the cost will be reduced to $50
Added Benefits -
(A) Helps in Voting and giving feedback on all the services let it be Government or Private. This will help in conducting elections in the most fastest way possible with high accuracy without any bias on a real-time basis. People who serve the country can get feedback on their decisions, very quickly along with good suggestions.
(a) Acts like a watch - health band which provides the user complete activity of the day - exercise steps taken, calories burned, heart rate, BP, blood group, health records, prompts and guidance as required, enables navigation to find routes, can be plugged into listen to songs.
(b) It will also help people to manage their amount well - by giving right advice as required.
(c) People can read newspapers as well, so will save trees as well.
(d) store important documents and certificate in the safe locker of your device.
(e) Helps to verify identity, no need to give xerox.
(f) Helps in managing small business as it will automatically manage inventory - This will also help businesses in getting profit and loss statement on a real time basis when ever they require.
(h) It will eliminate the need to remember multiple passwords across various sites.
Already we have some part of the solutions available in the market. One example of Garmin watch
(1) helps in tracking the movement of people / Children easily - Improves security.
(2) Till now money was powerful, but now good deeds will be more powerful than money It will also showcase the karma points for the good activities done. This helps us to ensure that people have good value system, ethics, helping nature for the needy and protect environment. Negative points for breaking laws, environment, Excess water used, pollution, ...etc
The Overall Karma points will also be similar to currency and will have limited circulation, people can earn and give karma points by providing the reasoning and logic of the incident.
These Points will indicate the persons prestige in society and help them to get special privileges, which a common man cannot get. Every scenarios or incident will have an upper limit and any one violating the system will get penalties and negative markings. General public can only give, however the administrators will be able to take away points when they do the wrong things. People who issue karma points need to be certified and will be monitored.
Suppose a person has a millions in wealth and very few thousands of karma points, his value in the society will not be so high when compared to a person who has got million of karma points but has very nominal and limited income. When a person dies, all his karma points again go back to the central ecosystem to get it re distributed to the society. It will be non transferable as it is in the case of money. This will ensure that the children, do not get the name and fame of the famous personality just by birth, they have to earn themselves.People who are spending their karma points above a threshold have to provide the required artifacts and how this has benefited the society and the same will be reviewed and post which the same will be transferred to avoid any bias. This sound unique or not practical, as we have never thought of - however it can be very easily possible once we standardize and have required help centers with right qualifications in banks who not only transact money, but now onward will also do karma transactions. Karma banks will run in parallel to the money banks and these banks are nothing but good administrators who are running the society
Corporates/MNC/ Industries/big companies are only measured in terms of the wealth alone currently, now they will also be measured on these points. This points will have more value than money, which will help the powerful people in the society to do the right things, rather than just focusing on just accumulating wealth.
The Karma points will act as an automated repellent to ensure that people don't do fraud to misuse the system or take away others money. As the value of money, will not be the same in the society now. People will be more interested to follow good thoughts and actions as that is what will make them respectable in the society and not big bank balance, cars, houses, jewelry or number of companies.
(3) Device keeps record of the cash available and can interact with any other device with out the need of any server, bank, software, wallet or browser. The Device will sync when the servers or internet connections are available. Users can make minimum transactions or based on their transaction history.. this acts like a credit limit to spend even without any connection.
(5) User will have the option to choose from multiple banks - while making the payments. Top preferred or default banks can be set by the user as required.
(6) User will be able to transact with in a limited amount by just using bio metrics and verifying themselves with a limited credit limit basis his balance and transaction history (no need to carry device along with them). If while syncing with the server the amount goes in negative
(7) The Device can also be used to verify the bio metircs of other people, to get the payments as well. So small shopkeepers, would not be required to invest in installing any machines.
(7) People cannot get the details of the person from whom the payment has been received, unless the payer enables it. ( specific areas like shopping malls, stores, road side shopping ... can customize)
(8) It can be used as mobile as well (without any sim), to contact only customer service and emergency numbers for help and guidance. People can use it by plugging in a headset. (Restrictions for children below the age group of 14 to make any other calls expect to emergency numbers)
(9) (3) Poor / Children / old people can be paid by scanning their bio metrics - they can also use the money without any need of any device. sample transaction will go through a verification system.
(10) Helps in tracking the credit score of the individually in an easy way.
(11) This will sync up with other existing payment ( Scan, cards, net banking, online payment, e wallets well - so that the existing payments support the new technology as well.
(12) Creates employment to millions of people across the world to manage and track the system and help other people on a real time basis.
(13)ATM will be converted into help centers with 24/7 manned person - till people get familiarized to the technology
(14) Real time assistance on phone or physical form within 30 minutes. This can be done by making volunteers basis the history of the person. This is currently available for people who are blind ( TapTapSee is a mobile camera application designed specifically for blind and visually impaired users powered by the CloudSight Image Recognition API)
(15) Specific wing to manage, monitor and track fraud 24*7. Suspicious transactions will have to undergo more levels of authentication. This will eliminate most of the frauds, as the system will have the history to whom do you pay regularly, what do you purchase, why do you pay a certain person or entity, timing of your sleep, location of the payment, which time are you paying. So, fraud will happen only with known people (family and friends), as they are the people who are near you always and with whom you live with. Also in practical life an outsider will never try to harm anyone, for no reason. (When people have all the basic necessities met and wealth not being a important aspect in the society, the problem of misusing the system by the common man will be very rare)
(16) Voice system alerts duplicate payments.
(17) Wrong payment are avoided by making the payments based on qr codes or more similar types of codes. Avoids typing manually. Alerts the person, when any unusual and high amount transaction occurs.
(18) Every 12 hours back up of all the devices to ensure that the amount in circulation does not exceed the stipulated amount. People can see the actual amount in circulation every 12 hours. Authentication of thousands of people to insert new money into the system, this ensures that no body can play with the system.
If any person try's to manipulate any data, the same will be detected by the system very quickly as the overall amount in the system will not match and the change of even a penny can also be traced back very easily in an automated way.
(19) when ever any person is ill or not feeling well, the system detects and all the transactions made during this time goes through stringent verification.
(20) People who try to misuse the facility or create problems for other will not be allowed to get money.
(21) Regular back up will be taken and if the user requires historical data, they can contact the bank to get the required details as usual.
(22) Person can have limited amount to spend with the device and can add more funds to the device by visiting the branch or using all steps of authentication for trusted people who are using the system properly. This ensures that entire amount is not open for anyone to misuse it. People anyways visit petrol pumps to refuel their cars, similarly they can visit the bank once in a month.
(23) One on one help for people who are not capable of making digital payments. When everybodys starts using this, it becomes very easy for the dullest people also to catch within a very short period of time.
(24) people will have the option to dispute and get reversal from the merchant. This will work similar to credit card charge back process but with a very faster resolution time.
(25) people can deny money from someone, whom they dont know.
(26) When similar transactions are made with the same amount - people are generated with different icons - to quickly match the transactons.
The devices will be replaced due to normal wear and tear, or else the user has to bear the cost for replacement.
The cost of the device will be cheaper when billions of similar devices will be made.
(27) People visiting from foreign countries can opt to buy or lease the watch for a limited time frame.
(28) People Visiting foreign countries will be able to get the other country currency, if required.
(29) Creative educational classes in their own language .. who cannot even count or read using sign languages. Their progress and transactions will be monitored till they are comfortable using it.
(30) The wrist band will also alert messages with fraud to the user, after the transaction has happened. Special provision in all the phones to read sms and emails related to all the transactions which get generated.
(31) People can also reduce the cash limit to transact when they are on holiday or visiting any new place. They can also switch off the transaction mode to avoid misuse, when they are living with some unknown person using multiple steps of authentication like finger print, iris scan and manual password. ( this gives more safety than cash, cards, e wallets, or online transactions)
This ensures people will welcome the change with so many benefits and perks. This experience should be far more better than using the cash. People who are doing fraud can also be caught easily, as this is the only system in which they can transact - so there is no alternative for people to spend or the wrongly accumulated money.